Principle and Precautions of Vacuum Blood Collection

A vacuum blood collection tube is a disposable, negative-pressure vacuum glass tube that enables quantitative blood collection and needs to be used in conjunction with a venous blood collection needle. 

 

 

Principle 

The principle of vacuum blood collection tube is to pre-pump the capped blood collection tube into different vacuum degrees, and use its negative pressure to collect venous blood samples automatically and quantitatively. One end of the blood collection needle is pierced into the human vein and the other end is inserted into the rubber plug of the vacuum blood collection tube. The human vein blood inside the vacuum blood collection tube, under the action of negative pressure, through the blood collection needle into the blood sample container, in a venipuncture, can achieve multiple tube collection without leakage. The volume of the inner chamber of the connected blood collection needle is very small, so the effect on the volume of blood collection can be neglected, and the chance of backflow is relatively smaller, such as the volume of its inner chamber is larger will consume part of the vacuum of the blood collection tube, thus reducing its collection volume.

 

Precautions

1.Blood Collection Site and Posture

In infants and children, blood can be taken from the medial and lateral margins of the thumb or heel as recommended by the World Health Organization, with the vein at the head and neck or the fontanelle vein preferred. In adults, the median vein of the elbow, the back of the hand, and the wrist joint without bruising and edema are selected, and in individual patients the vein is at the back of the elbow joint. Outpatients tend to be in sitting position, while patients in the ward tend to be in lying position. When taking blood, patients are advised to relax and keep the environment warm to prevent venous contracture. The restraint time should not be too long and patting the arm is prohibited, otherwise it may cause local blood concentration or activate the coagulation system. Try to choose a thick and easily fixed vessel for puncture to ensure that a single needle can see blood. The angle of needle entry is usually at 20-30°, and after seeing the return blood, parallel forward slightly, and then set on the vacuum tube. Individual patients with low blood pressure, after puncture, no return blood is seen, but after setting on the negative pressure tube, blood flows out in a homeopathic way.

2. Strictly Check the Expiration Date of Blood Collection Tubes

Must be used within the expiration date, and no use when there is foreign matter or sediment in the blood collection tube.

3. Properly Affix the Barcode

Print the barcode according to the doctor's instruction and paste it on the front side after verification, and the barcode should not cover the scale of the blood collection tube.

4. Timely Delivery

Blood specimens should be sent for testing within 2 hours after collection to minimize the influencing factors. Avoid strong light, wind and rain, freezing, high temperature, shaking and hemolysis.

5. Storage Temperature

The storage environment temperature of blood collection tube is 4-25℃, if the storage temperature is at 0℃ or below, it may cause the rupture of blood collection tube.

6. Protective Plastic Cap

The plastic cap at the end of the prick plug needle can prevent the blood collection tube from being removed after continuing to bleed and contaminate the surrounding area, play a role in closing the blood collection to prevent contamination of the environment, do not remove the cap of the blood collection tube. Multi-tube collection of blood samples, blood collection tube cap may break, such as a breakage, resulting in blood spillage, should first adsorption, and then disinfection treatment.

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